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1. A ductile alloy is a high quality iron alloy with added magnesium. It includes carbon in its pure form as spheoridal graphite. Therefore, the alloy has excellent mechanical properties like high elasticity threshold and tensile strength as well as good-notched impact strength.
The ductile alloy used by the manufacturer Pont-A-Mousson in the production of pipes features the following mechanical specifications:
- elastic limit: 270 do 300 N/mm2,
- tensile strength: 420 N/mm2,
- elongation: >10%
2. PAM produces pipes, sleeved and flanged tee fittings as weld as mountings from ductile alloy in sizes between DN 80 and DN 2000.
The pipes and tee fittings feature various types of joints:
- standard plug connector,
- standard VI plug connector – for anchoring,
- standard plug connector for anchoring with locking ring,
- flanged joint (tee fittings with rotating flange).
3. Low roughness factor (K = 0.03) and actual larger net diameter from the nominal one provide very good hydraulic properties and very small losses within a network.
4. For networks featuring ductile alloys no subsequent maintenance works are required.
5. In most cases, within pipelines no cathodic protection is required since the gasket acts as an insulator.
6. The quality of the external protective pipe ensures a very high corrosion self-protection also in cases of potential physical damage.
7. The elasticity of the pipe material and implementation of the joint enable the adapting to the configuration of the terrain during laying and also beyond that (up to 5° - depending on the diameter) with sealing rate of up to 100%.
8. Externally the pipes are protected by 200g/m2 Zn or 400g/m2 ZnAl (Cu) and an additional coating.
9. Internally the pipes are protected by thermoplastic polymer DUCTAN or Al cement mortar, pursuant to the ISO 4179-1985 standard.
The Al cement mortar is applied centrifugally, which enables very smooth internal surface and thus an excellent flow specification. The Al cement mortar is very resistant to wear therefore the flow speed within the INTEGRAL pipes can be:
- up to 7 m/s in case of permanent flow,
- up to 10 m/s in case of intermittent flow.
The Al cement mortar also features a high chemical resistance and can be used for the majority of discharge media within sewage networks:
- pH between 4 and 12: in case of permanent flow
- pH between 3 and 12: in case of intermittent flow.
10. Choosing INTEGRAL means going for long-term guaranteed water-tightness.
Experience shows that unexpected events are inevitable in all types of grounds even where least expected.
As for example, a bed when laying pipes becomes unnecessary. Based on experiments the Pont-A-Mousson research center has proven that the fluctuation of ground water washes away the finest sand particles next to the pipe into the surrounding soil.
This means that under special conditions, the bed from fine sand disappears within some months or even within weeks and that this results in that the pipeline remains in direct contact with the hard base.
The Integral system provides a high level of safety. It ensures warranty under different laying conditions and various operating modes, as this is usually anticipated, without creating any damages.
11. The opposite of INTEGRAL pipelines are unsealed sewage systems, which cause damage to the environment in two ways:
- as seepage of wastewater into the soil and ground water;
- as seepage of ground water into the main sewage line, which considerably increases the volume of wastewater to be treated. The wastewater cleaning plants are therefore overloaded, while the result is the discharge of non-treated wastewater into the natural environment;
- the sewage pipelines made from ductile alloy are beyond doubt the optimum choice in most of the cases.
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Sewerage and water discharge
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